Manufacturing Concepts (1)
As we are dealing with inventory and purchasing we will go through the basic manufacturing concepts.
Any manufacturing unit will have a basic flow of materials. That will include right from the raw material processing to finished goods.
Flow of any manufacturing company:
Raw material flow into manufacturing company.
Raw material gets processed according to requirement.
Finally finished goods are distributed to end consumers through physical distribution system.
For this different companies use different manufacturing strategies, according to their business need and their requirement and they are,
Manufacuturing Strategies
Make- to- stock
In this delivery time is equal to shipment time, generally you will maintain
stock.
Make- to- order
In make- to- order delivery time is manufacturing + assembly time +
shipment time.
Assemble- to- order
In this strategy assembly time and shipment time contributes to delivery
time.
Engineer- to- order-
In this special category order processing starts from design, manufacturing, assembly and shipment.
Materials Management
Any strategy company implements, there comes material management, for following benefits
1) For planning and controlling materials flow
2) Maximize use of firm’s resources
3) Provide required level of customer service
For this material management we will control these activities
Activities
Production Planning:
The company will plan production according requirement and according to that
the status of inventory is checked.
Implementation of planning & control:
Production planning should be implemented and control through proper
resources, mainly involved purchasing.
Inventory management:
As per planning inventory should be managed, that vary from raw material to
finished goods.
Modules
Different modules which are interrelated with Inventory & Purchasing.
MPC – Manufacturing Planning & Control
MPS – Master Production Schedule
MRP – Materials Required Planning
BOM – Bill Of Material
Relation with major modules
Production planning is done by keeping long term view, while on that basis master production schedule is created. MRP will take feedback BOM, Engg. & other modules.
Purchasing will work according to MRP for which status will provide by Inventory. So now we can visualize the position of purchasing & inventory in whole manufacturing organization.
Other Manufacturing modules which are inter-related are,
Oracle BOM ( bill of material)
Oracle Engineering
Oracle Product Configurator
Oracle MRP
WIP( Work In Process)
Cost management
Oracle quality
Inventory
In Inventory all major functions are related with items, all functionality is provided by keeping item as center. Now we will discuss various aspects of inventory and flow of Inventory
Inventory consists of, mainly
Raw material
Work In Process Inventory
Finished Goods
Functions of inventory
Maintaining stock
Planning
Forecasting
Physical control of inventory
Receipt
Issues
We will discuss these functions as regards with oracle applications.
The flexfields which are used in inventory are:
Account aliases
Item catalogs
Item categories
Sales orders
Stock locators
System items
Depending on your setup inventory can use other modules flexfields like Accounting (General Ledger) & Sales tax location & territory from Accounts Receivables
Account Aliases
Table name : MTL_GENERIC_DISPOSITIONS
An account alias is an easily recognized name or label representing a general ledger account number. You can view, report, and reserve against an account alias. During a transaction, you can use the account alias instead of an account number to refer to the account.
Item catalogs
Table name: MTL_ITEM_CATALOG_GROUPS
Unique ID column: ITEM_CATALOG_GROUP_ID
If you make entries for your items in a standard industry catalog or want to group your items according to certain descriptive elements, you need to configure your Item Catalog Group Flexfield.
Even if you do not use item cataloging, you must enable at least one segment and compile this flexfields before you can define items.
These flexfields supports only one structure and dynamic inserts is not allowed.
Item categories
Table name: MTL_CATEGORIES
Unique ID Column: CATEGORY_ID
You must define & configure your item categories flexfields before you can start defining items since all items must be assigned to categories. You can define multiple structures fro different category groups. So that you can associate these structures with categories & category sets.
Sales order
Table name: MTL_SALES_ORDERS
Unique ID Column: SALES_ORDER_ID
Through this flexfield inventory will identify sales order transactions of OM with inventory.
This sales order flexfield should be defined as order number, order type and order source so that each transaction will be unique in inventory.
Stock locators
Table name: MTL_ITEM_LOCATIONS
Unique ID Column: INVENTORY_LOCATION_ID
If you keep track of specific locators such as aisle, row, bin indicators for your items, you need to configure your Stock Locators Flexfield and implement locator control in your organization.
You can use stock locators field to capture more information about stock locators in inventory. If you do not have oracle inventory installed any none of items have locator control then it is not necessary to define this flexfield.
And this flexfield supports only one structure.
System items (item flexfield)
Table name: MTL_SYSTEM_ITEMS
And unique id column is INVENTORY_ITEM_ID
You can use item flexfield for recording and reporting your item information, and you must define and configure your item flexfield before you can start defining items.
You must plan how Oracle Inventory represents your company’s inventory sites and business units. This includes defining organizations, locations, subinventories, and locators depending on your company structure.
Inventory is consisting of inventory – subinventory - locators as per your organization setup.
ITEM is defined in inventory that is generally first in master organization, so that later it can be assign to multiple organizations. Also item definition can be uploaded by item upload open interface.
Post a Comment